How to apply for a job with a criminal record: 3 secrets to finding employment.

Finding a job is already stressful, but for those with a criminal record, the journey becomes even more difficult. Many employers are hesitant, or even outright reject, applicants with a criminal record.

According to data from the United States, up to a quarter of the population has a criminal record and faces significant barriers when seeking employment. In Vietnam, the situation is similar: many people, even after serving their sentences, still struggle to reintegrate into society and find stable employment.

However, you are not helpless. The important thing is to know your rights, present your resume intelligently, and behave appropriately during the interview . If done correctly, you can absolutely convince the employer to trust you and give you a chance to turn your life around .

Secret 1: How to get a job with a criminal record: 11 steps to make a good impression

Step 1: Understand your rights when applying for a job with a criminal record.

You are not always required to disclose your entire legal past to an employer. In some cases, you have the right to withhold information, as long as it complies with legal regulations. Specifically:

• If you were ever arrested but the case has ended, is no longer under investigation, or did not result in a conviction.

• When the violation is being treated as a non-criminal offense and you are in the trial phase before a verdict is reached.

• For minor drug-related offenses, if a legally prescribed period has passed since the date of conviction.

• Once your criminal record has been expunged, or you have a certificate of rehabilitation and restoration of dignity.

• If the violation occurred when you were a minor, after you reach adulthood you have the right to request the court to seal or erase the record of that violation.

Understanding these rights will help you feel more confident when applying for jobs, even with a criminal record , and will also help you avoid making unnecessary declarations that could be detrimental to you.

Step 2: Understand your criminal record and choose a suitable job.

Not all criminal records have the same impact when you apply for jobs. Understanding the contents of your legal record will help you know where you can apply and which positions to avoid.

• Determine the type of criminal record : Each type of offense will affect different career fields. For example, if you have a history of financial crimes, it will be very difficult to get a job in banking, insurance, or professions related to money management.

• Choose a job that is not related to your criminal record : If past offenses are not relevant to the position you are applying for, your chances of being accepted will be higher.

• Do your research before ruling someone out : Don't assume a criminal record will automatically prevent you from getting any job. Carefully research the job requirements and consider the relevance of the violation to the work.

• Eliminate jobs that are definitely disqualifying : There are positions that are almost impossible to get into with a criminal record, such as:

  • Jobs in government agencies require background checks or special security clearance .

  • Financial management, fund management, and accounting positions.

  • Jobs that involve working with children or vulnerable people.

By understanding your limitations and choosing the right career path, you will save time, avoid disappointment, and focus on finding the right job, increasing your chances of success when applying for jobs, even with a criminal record .

Step 3: Understand what the employer is allowed to review.

Just because you have a criminal record doesn't mean employers will reject you. In fact, many laws protect the rights of those with a criminal record when entering the labor market.

• Do not automatically reject candidates with criminal records : Labor laws in many countries, including Vietnam, clearly stipulate that employers cannot reject an application from the outset simply because you have a criminal record.

• Criminal record must be job-related : Employers may only consider dismissing you if a past violation is directly related to the nature of the job, affecting reputation or safety.

• The time factor is crucial : If the sentence was many years ago and you have already served it, refusing employment for this reason will likely not be considered justified.

• Specific job characteristics : Some professions require a particular level of reliability. For example:

  • If you have a history of violent convictions, it will be difficult for you to get jobs that require frequent interaction with clients.

  • If you're involved in financial crimes, it will be difficult to apply for a money management position.

Understanding what employers are and are not allowed to review will help you protect your rights and build a smart job application strategy, minimizing obstacles caused by your past.

Step 4: Leverage personal connections to find a job.

One of the most effective ways to get a job despite having a criminal record is to seek support from friends, relatives, or acquaintances in society.

• Ask for job referrals from acquaintances : If friends or family are hiring, or you know someone who is looking to hire, don't hesitate to ask for their help. When employers hear a referral from someone they trust, your chances of getting the opportunity are much higher.

• Having someone vouch for your credibility : An acquaintance can write a letter of recommendation to the employer, highlighting your strengths and positive changes.

• Phone call or in-person conversation : If the referrer is familiar with the employer, they can call directly to verify your trustworthiness and explain why your past is no longer a barrier.

• Emphasize the change : The presenter could talk about:

  • The longer I've known you, the better I understand your true self.

  • Positive changes after serving a sentence.

  • Assert that the past transgression was just a momentary lapse and that you will not repeat it.

Having a "guarantee" not only increases trust with employers but also helps you overcome psychological barriers and feel more confident in your job search, even with a criminal record .

Step 5: Build a network to expand job opportunities.

Besides relying on friends and relatives, proactively building social relationships is also an effective way to find a job, especially if you have a criminal record.

• Create a professional social media profile : Sign up for accounts on professional platforms like LinkedIn or even Twitter . Build a professional image, share your knowledge, and connect with people in your industry.

• Join professional groups : Find associations, clubs, or communities in the field you want to pursue. Becoming a member will help you stay updated on job opportunities and connect with employers more easily.

• Attend industry events : Actively participate in workshops, conferences, and professional networking events. This is an opportunity to network, learn, and make a direct impression on people who could bring you job opportunities.

• Genuine, long-lasting connections : Don't just seek out others when you need something. Maintain relationships and support each other to build lasting trust.

Smart networking will give you more job opportunities, and may even open doors that would be difficult to achieve with just a regular application.

Step 6: Choose a job that suits your circumstances given your criminal record.

Not all positions are open to those with a criminal record. However, there are many "behind-the-scenes" jobs that make it easier to start over with less scrutiny.

• Behind-the-scenes jobs : Positions such as maintenance, cleaning, warehousing, merchandise arrangement, and general administration often require less direct customer interaction or financial management, thus offering a higher chance of being accepted.

• Avoid sensitive positions : If your criminal record involves finance, fund management, or violent conduct, you will have difficulty getting a job that requires handling money, managing assets, or frequent contact with large groups of people.

• Restaurants and bars are generally more open-minded : Many owners are willing to give opportunities to people with criminal records because they understand that everyone needs a second chance. Jobs such as kitchen staff, waiters/waitresses, dishwashers, or support staff are often easier to get.

It's important to choose a job that aligns with your past . By demonstrating hard work and a serious attitude, you can gradually expand your opportunities to more stable and promising jobs.

Step 7: Start with small steps to rebuild your career.

For those with a criminal record, finding a good, high-paying job with significant responsibilities right away is often not easy. The important thing is to be willing to start from humble beginnings , viewing it as a stepping stone to prove your capabilities and rebuild your reputation.

• Accept less demanding roles : Employers may be hesitant to give you big tasks right from the start, but they're willing to give you opportunities in simpler or lower-paying jobs. This is your chance to prove your reliability.

• Applying through a temporary employment agency : You must disclose your criminal record to them, but many agencies can refer you to jobs without further background checks, giving you a better chance of getting a job.

• Accepting a "step back" to move forward : Even if it means taking a job below your skill level or with a lower salary, you can use this time to gain experience, regain confidence, and enhance your resume.

• Rebuilding your employment history : For those who have been incarcerated, gaps in their professional record can sometimes be even more challenging than the criminal record itself. Starting with entry-level jobs, manual labor, or entry-level positions will help you gradually regain stability, and then slowly return to your desired profession.

Think of small jobs as stepping stones . When you demonstrate effort, discipline, and responsibility, the door to better positions will open for you.

Step 8: Be honest about your past when applying for a job.

When applying for jobs, many people with criminal records often wonder whether they should be truthful about it. In reality, honesty is always the safest option because most employers can check their backgrounds.

• Do not conceal your criminal record : If you provide false information and the employer discovers it during the verification process, your application will be immediately rejected. Even if you are hired but later find out, you could be dismissed.

• Background checks are commonly applied : While some past convictions or convictions from other localities may not be revealed, if employers find out after hiring, they will almost certainly terminate the contract.

• You have the right to conduct a background check :

  • The employer must obtain your consent before proceeding.

  • If they reject your application based on test results, they must provide you with a copy of the report.

  • This gives you an opportunity to correct any misinformation or provide a clearer explanation of the situation.

• The "Ban the Box" policy : In some countries, employers are not allowed to ask about criminal records during the application process, but only during the selection phase. You can find information about this policy at nelp.org/banthebox .

• Special note : Lying on certain types of paperwork (e.g., military service registration) may be considered a criminal offense.

• How to answer during an interview : If asked about your criminal record, explain briefly and honestly. Emphasize that it was a past mistake that you have overcome and that you are currently motivated to work hard and seriously.

Honesty will help you maintain your reputation, avoid legal risks, and make a positive impression on employers when applying for jobs, even if you have a criminal record .

Step 9: Carefully read the requirements in the job application.

When filling out a job application, you need to be honest about your past , but that doesn't mean you have to provide more than what the employer asks for.

• Answer within the scope of the question : If the application only asks about "serious criminal offenses" ( feudal ), you do not need to list minor offenses ( misdemeanor ).

• Respond according to the specific requirements : Some petitions focus only on specific offenses such as drug use, alcohol abuse, or sexual assault. If your criminal record is irrelevant, you don't need to mention other violations.

• Avoid providing unnecessary information : Giving additional details that are not required by law can put you at a disadvantage.

The key principle is: be honest but stay focused . Only disclose what is required, and avoid "incriminating" yourself with unnecessary information to increase your chances of success when applying for a job, even with a criminal record .

Step 10: Contact an organization that provides employment support for people with criminal records.

If you're having trouble finding a job because of a criminal record, seeking help from non-profit organizations or agencies that support former offenders can open up opportunities for you.

• Find a reputable organization in your area : Many organizations specialize in helping people with criminal records find jobs, provide vocational training, and connect them with employers. Look for an organization or agency near where you live for direct support.

• Typical services :

  • National Transitional Jobs Network : provides skills training, job search support, and counseling for those facing barriers when applying for jobs.

  • America Works : supporting people who have difficulty finding work by connecting them with suitable jobs.

Utilizing the services of these organizations will increase your chances of finding a legitimate and suitable job , while also providing guidance on building your resume, practicing interview skills, and reintegrating into the labor market.

Step 11: Attempt to erase or seal the criminal record from the file.

Even if the offense occurred when you were an adult, you can still request that your criminal record be expunged or sealed to improve your job prospects.

• Seek legal advice : Talk to a lawyer, prosecutor, or parole/probation officer to find out if you are eligible for expungement of your criminal record.

• The benefit of success : If your criminal record is expunged or sealed, you can legally answer "no" when asked about your convictions on your job application.

• Increased job opportunities : Clearing your criminal record makes your resume cleaner, reduces barriers with employers, and opens up opportunities for stable employment.

Clearing or sealing a criminal record is a crucial step towards reintegrating into the labor market , especially when seeking long-term, stable employment.

Secret 2: Can't get a job? 3 new paths for people with criminal records.

Option 1: Create your own job opportunities.

If you're willing to work hard and have market skills, creating your own job is a way to overcome the hurdle of a criminal record, as you're not subject to background checks or other restrictions.

• Choose a profession with practical skills : Electrical work, plumbing, hairdressing, gardening, maintenance, etc. These are professions that can be practiced independently or through starting your own business.

• Obtaining a professional license : Some professions require a professional license. A criminal record doesn't always mean denial; if the convictions are old and not multiple convictions of the same type, you still have a chance of being licensed. Licensing agencies usually list which types of convictions may impede practice (e.g., child-related crimes, sexual assault, or personal violence).

• Starting a business based on your expertise : If you have skills in maintenance, gardening, repairs, etc., consider starting a small service. Customers care more about the quality of work , not your past.

• Experience from work release programs : If you have participated in a work release program, you can continue to develop in your previous field to increase your chances of success.

• Maintaining income during the startup phase: During the startup phase, you may need another job to stabilize your finances while simultaneously building a customer base and reputation.

Self-employment is a long-term solution that helps you take control of your life, prove your capabilities, and overcome the prejudices of employers who may have a criminal record.

Option 2: Consider joining the military if you have a criminal record.

Many people think that the military accepts everyone or, conversely, that no one is allowed to join if they have a criminal record. In reality, neither perspective is entirely true.

• Waiver requirements : Depending on the type of crime, the number of offenses, and the time elapsed since the offense , you may be granted a waiver to join.

  • Minor ( misdemeanor ) or non-violent violations are usually easier to obtain a waiver for.

  • Many serious criminal cases ( felonies ) or drug trafficking charges are often immediately rejected.

• Letters of recommendation and credibility : You may need letters of recommendation from trustworthy people in your community such as: employers, religious leaders, law enforcement agencies… These letters demonstrate character and increase your chances of being granted a waiver.

• Benefits and risks :

  • Benefits: The military provides vocational training, discipline , and military experience that can give you an advantage when applying for civilian jobs later.

  • Risks: the possibility of being deployed, the risk of injury, or even death.

• Honesty is mandatory : Lying about a criminal record when applying for military service is a serious criminal offense . The military has the right to check all criminal records, including sealed or expunged convictions.

• Ease of acceptance : Some branches of the military, such as the Army and Marine Corps, are generally more likely to grant waivers to individuals with criminal records.

Joining the military is a serious choice with both opportunities and risks. If done correctly and honestly, it can be a gateway for those with a criminal record to learn a trade, develop discipline, and expand their career opportunities later on .

Option 3: Volunteer to build reputation and experience.

Even if you can't land a paid job, volunteering is a great way to impress potential employers and gain practical experience.

• Choose a suitable organization : You can join places like:

  • Charity kitchen, facility supporting the poor.

  • Animal rescue camp

  • Community organizations and groups

• Benefits of volunteering :

  • It helps you demonstrate responsibility, reliability, and discipline .

  • Accumulating equivalent work experience can be recognized in many professions.

  • This is an opportunity to connect with reputable people who can write letters of recommendation or vouch for your character when you apply for a job.

• Enhance your resume : Volunteer experience demonstrates your proactiveness, community spirit, and willingness to work hard, which builds trust with employers when reviewing your application, even if you have a criminal record.

Volunteering is a wise step to build a positive image, demonstrate competence, and expand job opportunities for those with a criminal record.

Secret 3: Preparing for a job after release from prison: 3 steps to rebuilding your career.

Step 1: Start planning for the future while you're renovating.

Even while in prison, you can prepare for a career after release by taking advantage of learning and skills development opportunities.

• Education and qualifications : Many detention facilities offer opportunities to:

  • Completed GED or high school diploma

  • Start or continue a university program.

  • Participate in vocational training or specialized skills development.

• Practical vocational training : Skills such as cooking, sales, and business development will help you easily find jobs in the food service, retail, or trade industries.

• Plan realistically : If you are undergoing long-term rehabilitation, have limited skills, or are unable to return to your previous occupation, learning and developing new skills is extremely important.

  • For example, if you were a bank employee but were convicted of theft, you almost certainly cannot return to working in the banking industry, so you need to prepare for an alternative career path.

Planning your career while you're still in prison helps you get off to a better start, increases your chances of finding a job, and reduces barriers to entry upon release .

Step 2: Contact support groups for recently released prisoners.

If you've just been released from prison, finding a job can be challenging. Support groups and community organizations can help you find and apply for jobs that don't require a "clean" record.

• Find a local support group :

  • Ask the probation officer .

  • Search online using keywords such as: “Support for people with criminal records” or “Resources for community reintegration”.

• Benefits of these groups :

  • Assistance in finding a job that is compatible with your legal history.

  • A guide on how to prepare your application and for the interview.

  • Connect with employers who are open to hiring people with criminal records.

• For more information : You can find information about services and support programs on the National Institute of Corrections website ( nicic.gov ).

Contacting and participating in support groups will help you expand your job opportunities, build credibility, and reintegrate into the community after your release from prison.

Step 3: Take advantage of post-release training and learning programs.

After being released from prison, you can increase your chances of finding a job by participating in vocational education or training programs offered by government agencies or non-profit organizations.

• Typical support programs :

  • The Second Chance Act (in the US) funds local groups that help recently released prisoners, particularly those with drug problems or substance addiction.

  • Goodwill Industries offers various training and job placement programs for former offenders. Many states have Goodwill re-entry programs; you can contact your local branch to learn more.

• Benefits of participating in the program :

  • Enhance your practical skills and knowledge, increasing the value of your job application .

  • Some organizations even assist in finding employment immediately after completing the training program.

• Leverage local resources :

  • Local libraries, adult education centers, or vocational training centers often offer supplementary courses.

Participating in vocational education and training programs not only improves professional skills but also increases your chances of being accepted by employers and helps you reintegrate into the community after release from prison.

References

1. https://money.usnews.com/money/careers/articles/2013/11/19/how-to-find-a-job-when-you-have-a-criminal-record
2. https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/news/hr-magazine/pages/0312waldo.aspx
3. http://ctlawhelp.org/criminal-record-keeping-you-from-working
4. http://www.tdlr.texas.gov/crimconvict.htm#specific
5. http://www.military.com/join-armed-forces/disqualifiers-law.html

Translated by Leigh Kennedy Ly .