How to Become a Freelance Copywriter: 3 Tips to Make Money Online Quickly and Effectively

Currently, according to many digital labor market reports, the demand for copywriters and freelance writers in Vietnam is rapidly increasing, especially in online marketing, e-commerce, and content creation. With just good writing skills and a laptop, you can work freely, take on projects based on your capabilities, and actively manage your monthly income.

This article will help you understand how to become a freelance copywriter from scratch: from building your personal portfolio and finding your first clients to practical tips for making a living as a writer. If you're looking for a flexible career path, free from office constraints yet with opportunities for long-term growth, this guide is for you.

How to effectively start a freelance writing career

1. Identify the right type of freelance writing
To succeed as a long-term freelance writer, you need to choose the right direction from the start.

• Try various areas such as blog writing, SEO articles, sales copywriting, magazine writing, or brand content.

• Based on practical experience, newcomers should start with blog and SEO writing due to high demand and easier client access.

• Monitor client feedback to understand which content formats you excel at.

2. Choose topics you understand and are interested in
Writing about familiar subjects makes your content more natural and trustworthy.

• Prioritize topics where you already have knowledge or practical experience.

• Popular fields today include: marketing, online business, personal finance, education, and technology.

• This is a crucial factor in building E-E-A-T (Experience, Expertise, Authoritativeness, and Trustworthiness) in writing.

3. Build a simple personal website
A website makes you look professional and helps clients trust you more easily.

• You just need a basic website introducing who you are and what topics you write about.

• Have clear 'About Us', portfolio, and contact pages.

• No need for complexity; prioritize clarity and readability.

4. Create a portfolio that showcases your writing ability
Your portfolio is the deciding factor in whether a client hires you.

• Select 3-5 of your best articles, matching the type of content you want to get projects for.

• If you don't have clients yet, write sample articles yourself, adhering to copywriter or freelance writer standards.

• Prioritize content that solves real problems and has a clear structure.

5. Prepare a concise and clear service pitch
A good pitch increases your project acceptance rate from the very first contact.

• Clearly state what problems you can help clients solve with your writing skills.

• Avoid vague statements; focus on specific benefits.

• Attach a portfolio link for clients to immediately assess your capabilities.

Tip 1: Choose a suitable freelance writing niche to start

Step 1: Choose a clear, long-term niche for freelance writing

1. Choose a niche to guide your work from the outset
A clear niche helps you build a personal brand and attract the right clients.

• Focus on a specific group of topics instead of writing broadly about everything.

• Helps clients easily understand which field you specialize in as a freelance writer.

• Reduces the feeling of being overwhelmed when having to accept and handle too many different types of content.

2. Identify topics you want and can write well about
Before accepting projects, list the content areas you are interested in or have experience with.

• Writing about familiar topics helps you produce work faster.

• Content becomes more natural, insightful, and trustworthy.

• Less time spent researching from scratch, which is especially important for new copywriters.

3. Avoid topics you have no foundation in
Writing about entirely unfamiliar fields will cost you a lot of effort with little effectiveness.

• You'll spend a lot of time learning basic knowledge.

• The content will likely be superficial, lacking real-world experience.

• It will be difficult to create a competitive advantage compared to specialized freelance writers.

4. You can write about multiple topics, but they should be related
You don't necessarily have to write about only one topic, but there should be a connection.

• Choose complementary fields.

• Build an expert image within a group of topics.

• Easily expand content writing services in the future.

5. Some popular and easy-to-start niches for freelance writers
These are fields with high content demand and suitable for many newcomers:

• Travel

• Food and Beverage

• Cooking

• Parenting

• Marriage and Family

• Personal Finance

• Health and Fitness

Step 2: Start freelance blogging to proactively choose topics and build income

1. Choose blogging if you want full control over your content
Blogging is a form of freelancing suitable for those who value freedom and control over their work.

• You choose your own topics, writing schedule, and content approach.

• Not dependent on clients or fixed requirements.

• Suitable for newcomers who want to try their hand at freelance writing.

2. Build a blog with a clear niche that can be more specialized
A focused blog will be easier to develop and leave a personal mark.

• Write around your chosen niche instead of too many disparate topics.

• Can be more specialized to create a competitive advantage.

• For example: instead of a general travel blog, you can write about lesser-known road trips.

3. Blogging helps create long-term income streams
Most bloggers earn money from their own content.

• Sell ad space on your blog.

• Brand partnerships or affiliate marketing.

• The more quality articles you have, the higher your income potential.

4. A blog is an effective portfolio for new freelance writers
When starting out, a personal blog is the clearest proof of your ability.

• Blog posts showcase your writing style and ability to develop content.

• Articles with good readership increase credibility with clients.

• Can be used directly as samples when pitching writing services.

Step 3: Take on journalism jobs if you excel at news writing

1. Choose journalism when you have the ability to monitor and analyze news
Journalism is suitable for freelance writers with current affairs awareness and information-gathering skills.

• The main task is reporting news, analyzing events, or writing articles on assigned topics.

• You don't write based on personal preferences but adhere strictly to editorial requirements.

• Suitable if you want to build professional credibility as a writer rather than earn quick money.

2. Clearly understand: journalism does not generate immediate income
Unlike copywriting or SEO writing, journalism often takes time.

• Initial income may be low or unstable.

• In return, you gain experience and professional credibility.

• Suitable for those not under immediate short-term financial pressure.

3. Proactively find and pitch topics to editors
To get published, you need to actively connect with news organizations.

• Find email or contact information for editors at newspapers, news sites, or magazines.

• Send a pitch clearly stating the topic, angle, and informational value.

• Prioritize timely topics with clear data and relevance to readers.

4. Having connections in the media industry is an advantage
Freelancers who have worked in journalism or know editors will find it easier to access work.

• Easier to get regular assignments.

• Less need to do multiple trial writings.

• Increases chances of receiving better payment.

5. You can still start even without connections
Newcomers can still enter journalism if they are patient.

• Accept lower initial fees.

• Can write on a trial basis or short-term collaboration to build credibility.

• After a few quality articles, the likelihood of being retained for collaboration will be higher.

Step 4: Focus on copywriting if you are strong in marketing and persuasion

1. Choose copywriting if you're good at selling ideas with words
Copywriting is suitable for those with a marketing mindset and the ability to influence readers' emotions.

• "Copy" refers to content used to sell products, services, or convey a specific message.

• The main goal is to make readers interested, trust, and take action.

• Suitable if you enjoy writing persuasive content that stimulates demand.

2. Assess your personal abilities before pursuing copywriting
Not everyone who writes well is suitable for copywriting.

• You need to understand customer psychology and purchasing behavior.

• Know how to highlight benefits rather than just describing features.

• Ability to make ordinary products more appealing

3. Find projects from marketing and communication agencies
To start, you should approach the right sources for work.

• Get projects from advertising, marketing, or PR companies

• Working with an agency helps you quickly learn sales processes and mindset

• Easily accumulate real-world cases for a copywriter portfolio

4. Understand the specialized areas within copywriting
Copywriting isn't just one type of writing.

• Marketing copywriting: writing ads, landing pages, sales emails

• Content copywriting: writing blog posts, brand content to support sales

• Creative copywriting: writing slogans, ad scripts, creative ideas

5. Learn from experienced copywriters to choose the right direction
Before diving deep, thoroughly research each copywriting area.

• Talk to working copywriters

• Review project examples and actual results

• Choose a direction that suits your skills and income goals

Step 5: Explore technical writing if you are good at details and clear explanations

1. Choose technical writing when you are strong in analysis and accuracy
Technical writing is suitable for careful, logical, and systematic individuals.

• Businesses hire technical writers to explain products, services, or technical processes

• Content is often user manuals, system descriptions, or usage procedures

• High demands for accuracy, clarity, and ease of understanding

2. Great advantage if you already have expertise
If you have a background in a specific field, technical writing will be easier to approach.

• Suitable for those with knowledge of technology, engineering, software, finance, digital

• Or those who can learn quickly and grasp complex information in a short time

• Helps shorten research time and improve writing quality

3. Most important skill: translating difficult jargon into easy-to-understand language
Technical writers don't write for experts, but for end-users.

• Transform specialized terminology into simple language

• Present step-by-step clearly, easy to follow

• Avoid vague words or unnecessarily complex phrasing

4. Can specialize in various technical writing areas
Beyond technical fields, you can delve into more specialized areas.

• Legal content writing: explaining laws, regulations, contracts

• Medical content writing: guides, health documents, professional procedures

• These areas demand high reliability but often offer better income

5. Technical writing is suitable for building long-term credibility
Compared to copywriting or blogging, technical writing develops slower but is more sustainable.

• Easily create an expert image in a specific field

• Clients tend to collaborate long-term

• Suitable for freelance writers who prioritize stability and specialization

Tip 2: How to find clients for freelance writing

Step 1: Build a personal website to establish writing credibility

1. A website is the most important online presence platform
A website helps clients quickly find and evaluate your capabilities.

• It's the main channel to showcase your writing skills, experience, and working style

• Creates a more professional impression than just using social media

• Helps you proactively build a long-term personal brand

2. No need for advanced technical skills or high costs
You can absolutely start with simple tools.

• Use platforms like Squarespace or WordPress to quickly create a website

• Ready-made templates, just customize content as needed

• Focus on content and reader experience rather than elaborate design

3. Be prepared: a website takes time to perfect
A good website cannot be completed in one day.

• Requires time to write content, select sample articles, and arrange the layout

• Can be gradually improved based on experience and client feedback

• The important thing is to start early and update regularly

4. Mandatory content for your website
A freelance writer's website should be clear and easy to navigate.

• Introduce who you are and what fields you specialize in writing

• Highlight your skills, strengths, and the value you bring

• Showcase sample articles or completed projects

• If available, add testimonials or reviews from previous clients to increase credibility

5. Refer to other freelancers' websites to learn how to do better
Observing those who came before you helps avoid many unnecessary mistakes.

• See how they organize content and portfolios

• Learn how to write concise, persuasive introductions

• Apply what suits your style

Step 2: Build a writing portfolio to persuade clients

1. A portfolio is the most important proof of capability
Clients almost always want to see samples before deciding to collaborate.

• A portfolio helps them assess style, quality, and suitability

• Clearly shows what areas you excel in: copywriting, blogging, SEO writing, or technical writing

• Increases credibility, especially for freelance writers working remotely

2. Select only the best articles for your portfolio
Quantity isn't as important as relevance and quality.

• Prioritize articles with clear content that solve real problems

• Choose articles that align with the niche you are pursuing

• Each article should include a brief description of its objective and context

3. Prepare both print and digital portfolios
Depending on the situation, you need flexible presentation methods.

• Print version is suitable for in-person meetings or offline pitching

• Digital version allows you to quickly send via email or link

• You can use PDF, a personal website, or an online portfolio platform

4. Leverage articles that received good feedback
If you have previous writing experience, this is a huge advantage.

• Include articles that were highly praised by clients or readers in your portfolio

• If you have data like readership or conversion rates, mention them concisely

• This helps increase credibility according to E-E-A-T criteria

5. Newcomers can still create a quality portfolio
Not having clients isn't a barrier.

• Write sample articles yourself, specific to your chosen niche

• Choose topics relevant to market demand and potential clients

• Write as if you are working on a real project, not just for the sake of it

Step 3: Prepare an elevator pitch to professionally introduce yourself

1. Understand what an elevator pitch is and why it's necessary
An elevator pitch is a brief introduction that helps others immediately understand what you do.

• About 30 seconds long, short enough to be memorable

• Used for networking, meeting clients, partners, or direct introductions

• Helps you avoid awkwardness when you need to "sell" your writing skills

2. Write a very short, clear, and focused elevator pitch
An effective pitch needs to go straight to the value you provide.

• State whether you are a freelance writer or copywriter

• Specify the field or niche you specialize in writing

• Emphasize your unique selling points or outstanding strengths

3. Always have a few sentences ready for any situation
You never know when an opportunity will arise, so be prepared.

• Can be used when meeting potential clients in person

• Suitable for industry events, conferences, networking sessions

• Helps listeners quickly envision if you are a good fit for them

4. Elevator pitch structure easily applicable for freelance writers
You can build your pitch using the following simple formula:

• What you are doing or what new direction you have taken

• What topics you specialize in writing about

• What problems you help readers or clients solve

• Strengths that have satisfied previous clients

5. Practical and easy-to-apply elevator pitch example
"I recently transitioned to being a freelance writer. I specialize in budget travel, focusing on quality yet affordable accommodation and dining. I also often suggest free or lesser-known attractions. Clients appreciate my thorough research and practical perspective."

Step 4: Network to expand your writing connections

1. Networking helps you create real job opportunities
For freelance writers and copywriters, connections are as important as skills.

• Networking helps you meet the right people with the right needs

• Many freelance projects come from personal referrals, not public recruitment

• Suitable for building long-term credibility in the industry

2. Find suitable networking groups in your area
You can start with simple, accessible communities.

• Find local networking groups via social media or Google

• Groups usually meet regularly, once a month

• Common formats are coffee meetings in the morning or casual gatherings after work

3. Actively participate and get to know people in the industry
Networking isn't just about listening; it's about connecting.

• Briefly introduce who you are and what you do

• Listen to what others do to find common ground

• No need to sell services immediately; prioritize building relationships

4. Don't limit networking to the writing community
Potential clients aren't just writers or marketers.

• Connect with business owners, startups, sales professionals, agencies

• Many of them need content writers or know someone who does

• Cross-industry connections help you have a more stable source of jobs

5. View networking as a long-term investment, not an immediate result
Effective networking requires time and consistency.

• You might not get a job immediately after the first meeting

• But you're building a foundation for future opportunities

• People often hire those they know and trust

Step 5: Quickly find freelance writing jobs through intermediary platforms

1. Use freelance websites to get work immediately
Intermediary platforms help freelance writers access projects quickly, especially when starting out.

• Just search with keywords related to freelance writing

• Many short-term and long-term jobs are available

• Suitable if you need early cash flow

2. Always check reviews before accepting a project
Not every job is suitable or transparent.

• Read reviews from writers who have worked on that platform

• See feedback on payment methods and work processes

• Avoid wasting time on low-quality projects

3. Prepare a basic profile to get assignments
Most platforms require minimal information.

• CV or a brief introduction to writing experience

• Some sample articles in the correct niche

• A clear portfolio helps increase the selection rate

4. Choose projects that fit your schedule
Not all projects are the same.

• There are jobs that last a few weeks with detailed requirements

• There are short jobs that only take a few hours to complete

• Newcomers should start with small projects to get familiar with the process

5. Clarify payment methods before accepting work
This is an important step that many overlook.

• Ask clearly whether payment is hourly or per article

• Confirm fees and payment deadlines

• Avoid accepting work when terms are vague

6. Some popular freelance platforms for writers
You can start with these familiar websites:

• Upwork

• FlexJobs

• Writers Market

Step 6: Pitch to niche-specific magazines and websites

1. Choose publications that align with your field
If you want to work with reputable entities, aim for the right places from the start.

• Prioritize magazines and websites that pay for articles

• Choose platforms with content that matches your niche

• For example: travel writers can approach websites specializing in experiences and destinations like Jetsetter

2. Actively contact editors directly
No need to wait for job postings; you can create opportunities yourself.

• Find editor emails on official websites

• Send a concise, clear, and focused email

• Show that you understand the publication's style and readership

3. Use your prepared pitch to introduce yourself
Your pitch is the determining factor in whether your email gets read further.

• Briefly state that you are a freelance writer specializing in a certain field

• Explain why you are a good fit for the publication

• Attach a link to your portfolio or relevant sample articles

4. You can pitch a specific idea or propose broader collaboration
Depending on your personal strategy, you can choose a flexible approach.

• Pitch a clear article idea with a specific angle

• Or indicate your willingness to accept articles on a long-term contract

• The second option is suitable if you want a long-term collaboration

5. Be patient and follow up on feedback
Working with magazines often doesn't receive immediate feedback.

• It may take a few weeks for editors to respond

• Don't send a barrage of messages, but polite follow-ups are acceptable

• A good pitch today can lead to opportunities in the future

Step 7: Set up LinkedIn to expand online networking

1. LinkedIn is an effective channel for job searching and connecting
Many businesses and recruiters use LinkedIn to find freelance writers and copywriters.

• Easily get proactively approached without traditional applications

• Suitable for building a long-term professional image

• Helps you appear when clients search for writers by skill

2. Create a LinkedIn profile focused on core competencies
A good profile helps viewers understand you in seconds.

• Clearly state whether you are a freelance writer or copywriter

• Mention your specialized writing areas and outstanding strengths

• Present experience and skills in a problem-solving manner

3. Clearly define career goals and desired project types
This is a detail many people overlook but is very important.

• Indicate whether you are looking for short-term projects or long-term collaborations

• Specify the type of content you want to write: blog, SEO, marketing copy, technical writing

• Helps contacts immediately know if you are a good fit

4. Optimize your profile to be easily found
LinkedIn functions as a career search engine.

• Incorporate writing-related keywords in your headline and description

• Write concise, clear content, avoid generalizations

• Update your profile regularly with new projects

5. Proactively connect to increase job opportunities
LinkedIn is effective when you use it proactively.

• Connect with marketers, business owners, editors, agencies

• Follow and interact with industry content

• Gradually build a network that can lead to real jobs

Tip 3: Manage freelance writing work professionally and efficiently

Step 1: Create a focused writing space for effective freelancing

1. Proactively choose a writing space with minimal distractions
A big advantage of freelancing is the freedom to choose your workspace, but this is only effective if you can control your focus.

• It's advisable to have a fixed area at home specifically for writing

• Choose a quiet place to limit noise and interruptions

• Communicate with family members so they know when you need to focus

2. Your writing space doesn't need to be large, but it must be suitable
You don't need a separate office if circumstances don't allow it.

• You can utilize a small corner, an empty bedroom, or a corner of the living room

• The important thing is that it provides enough privacy and gives you the feeling of "being at work"

• This helps you form habits and discipline when freelance writing

3. Prepare all necessary tools before writing
Lack of tools will disrupt your workflow.

• A stable computer

• A notebook or quick note-taking tool

• Research materials related to the project

• Good lighting to prevent eye strain during long writing sessions

4. Flexibly change your environment when you need new inspiration
Working from home isn't always the best option.

• You can go to a nearby coffee shop for a change of scenery

• Choose a pleasant space that isn't too noisy

• Changing the setting helps many freelance writers maintain creative inspiration

5. Prioritize the space that helps you write most effectively
There isn't one "ideal writing space" for everyone.

• Some people write best in absolute silence

• Others concentrate better with background noise

• The important thing is to choose a place that helps you complete your work on time and with quality

Step 2: Build a regular work schedule for freelance writers

1. Having a work schedule helps you maintain focus
Even as a freelancer and self-employed, you still need a clear routine.

• Without a fixed schedule, it's easy to procrastinate and lose your work rhythm

• A work schedule helps you proactively manage progress and deadlines

• Creates clear boundaries between work and rest time

2. Identify your most effective writing hours
Everyone has their best concentration time of day.

• Observe if you write best in the morning, afternoon, or evening

• Choose the time when your mind is clearest for important work

• Dedicate that time slot each day to writing

3. Leverage personal time advantages
Freelancing allows you to be flexible according to your living circumstances.

• If you're most productive in the morning, start working early

• If you get tired easily in the afternoon, you would have already completed most of your work

• If you have small children, utilize the time they're asleep for focused writing

4. Start part-time and gradually increase
There's no need to force yourself into full-time work from the start.

• You can start with a few hours a day

• As you get more projects, gradually increase your working hours

• This approach helps you experiment and adjust your schedule accordingly

5. Build a sustainable work system
A good work schedule is one you can maintain long-term.

• Not too overwhelming, which can lead to burnout

• Fits your lifestyle and personal responsibilities

• Helps you do freelance writing consistently

Step 3: Determine your minimum rate for freelance writing

1. Decide on a suitable pricing method for you
Before taking on a project, you need to be clear about how you will be paid.

• You can charge by the hour

• Or charge a flat fee per project, per article

• Newcomers often choose per project for easier pricing and time management

2. Set your price based on experience and the value you provide
Your price should not be based on emotion, but on clear grounds.

• Consider your experience, skills, and niche you are pursuing

• Assess the complexity and actual time required to complete the work

• Ensure the price is sufficient to cover your efforts and generate profit, not just "take any job"

3. Avoid pricing too high or too low compared to the market
Too low a price will quickly discourage you, too high a price will make it difficult to secure projects.

• Refer to the rates of other freelance writers on their websites or portfolios

• Compare projects of the same type, length, and requirements

• Adjust your price to match the market and your current position

4. Always determine the minimum acceptable price
This is the number that helps you make quick decisions when new offers come in.

• If a client offers less than this, you have the right to decline

• Helps you avoid taking on inefficient projects in the long run

• Creates a foundation to gradually increase your rates as you gain experience

5. Don't be afraid to negotiate for better compensation
Many clients are willing to pay more if you know how to communicate effectively.

• Listen to the client's proposed price first

• Clearly explain the value and results you can deliver

• Negotiate based on the scope of work, not just the number

Step 4: Get paid upfront to reduce risks in freelancing

1. Getting paid upfront helps you avoid the pressure of waiting for payment
One of the biggest challenges for freelancers is not knowing when they'll get paid.

• Getting paid upfront helps you focus on your work with peace of mind

• Reduces the risk of clients paying late or not paying at all

• Establishes clear, professional boundaries from the start

2. Clearly state payment policy before starting
Don't wait until the work is done to discuss money.

• Clearly state payment requirements as soon as you discuss the project

• Specify it in emails, quotes, or contracts

• This helps filter out unserious clients

3. You can request a deposit if the client doesn't pay 100% upfront
Not all clients are willing to pay the full cost upfront.

• You can propose a partial deposit

• A common amount is 30–50% of the total project value

• The remaining amount is paid upon delivery or at work milestones

4. A deposit helps clients commit and respect your time
A deposit is not just about money, but about commitment.

• Clients tend to respond faster and be more cooperative

• Reduces instances of changing minds or canceling projects midway

• Helps you proactively manage your time and resources

5. Getting paid upfront is standard, not an unreasonable request
Many freelance writers hesitate to bring this up for fear of losing clients.

• In reality, professional clients are accustomed to this

• Getting paid upfront shows that you are serious and work with principles

• The longer you work, the more this becomes a necessity for self-protection

Step 5: Track income to manage freelance finances

1. Record your income to know if you're meeting your goals
Freelance writing without tracking finances can easily lead to being "busy but not prosperous".

• Record all income from each writing project

• Track the amount of money you earn weekly or monthly

• Compare it with your set financial goals

2. Create a list of expenses to get a clear financial picture
Income only makes sense when accompanied by expenses.

• List fixed expenses: internet, equipment, software, learning

• Include small but recurring monthly expenses

• Helps you know exactly how much you need to earn to be sufficient

3. Track income by writing job
This helps you evaluate job effectiveness.

• Clearly record how much money each project brings in

• Compare the time spent with the income received

• Easily identify which types of jobs to keep and which to drop

4. Adjust your plan if income isn't meeting expectations
Tracking data helps you make timely decisions.

• If this month's income is low, proactively look for more jobs for next month

• Increase the number of projects or raise your rates if possible

• Avoid long-term shortfalls without realizing it

5. Proactively set aside money for taxes from the start
This is a point many new freelance writers often miss.

• Freelancers often don't have taxes automatically withheld

• You should set aside a portion of your income as soon as you receive it

• Helps you avoid financial pressure during tax season

Start freelancing part-time to reduce initial risks

1. Start freelancing while still employed full-time
This is a safe way to test if freelance writing suits you.

• Helps you assess your passion and long-term potential for the career

• Checks financial viability before quitting your full-time job

• Reduces income pressure in the initial stage

2. Edit carefully to create a professional impression
The quality of your writing determines whether clients return.

• Always re-read and edit carefully before submission

• Avoid typos, convoluted phrasing, or illogical arguments

• Polished articles help you build credibility faster

3. Build a social media presence to increase visibility
Social media is a strong support channel for freelance writers.

• Share articles, opinions, and professional content

• Helps more people discover your work

• You can start with Facebook, Twitter, or a platform you find suitable

4. Be cautious with low-paying content mills
Content mills often require high volume content production for low pay.

• Very low pay compared to the effort invested

• Must write a lot in a short time to earn significant income

• Easily leads to burnout and difficulty developing specialized skills

5. Only consider content mills as a short-term stepping stone if needed
In some cases, content mills still offer some value.

• Can be used to practice skills and create initial writing samples

• Should not be a long-term commitment if you want to increase income

• Need to transition to higher quality and better-paying projects soon

References

1. https://www.forbes.com/sites/abdullahimuhammed/2017/07/12/
   how-to-launch-your-freelance-writing-career/#78a5bdb54b9b
2. https://www.forbes.com/sites/dorieclark/2014/07/24/
   how-to-make-a-living-from-blogging/#7ffbd547500a
3. https://www.forbes.com/sites/gretasolomon/2018/07/21/
   five-things-to-know-before-you-become-a-freelance-journalist/#5730045134e6
4. https://www.entrepreneur.com/starting-a-business/
   7-steps-to-becoming-a-professional-copywriter/297624
5. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/media-and-communication/technical-writers.htm
6. https://www.carefulcents.com/become-a-freelance-writer/
7. https://www.freelancewriting.com/query-letters/write-the-perfect-article-pitch/
8. https://compose.ly/for-writers/how-to-set-your-freelance-writing-rates
9. https://www.carefulcents.com/become-a-freelance-writer/

Translation: Lesley Collins Tran.